Clinker cooling Premium
Descriptions of the formation of cement clinker generally concentrate on those reactions that take place as the kiln feed heats up and passes through the process to the burning ...
Cement Chemistry
30 posts · Page 3 of 3
Reducing LSF Premium
Just over a year ago an article in ICR discussed the possibilities for reducing CO 2 emissions from a cement plant. 1 One option was to use less limestone in the kiln feed, thus...
Alite hydration with alkalis Premium
The continued drive to optimise the use of cement in concrete mixes has sparked an interest in the hydration of alite in an alkaline environment. Research has shown that the pre...
Alite size Premium
The practical implications following microscopic examination discussed in the April 2013 issue of ICR showed that the interpretation of alite size is not a simple matter. We tak...
Problems with cement Premium
There are many causes for complaints about cement quality from customers, some more justified than others. A brief review of some common perceived issues indicates that a deeper...
Alternative fuel characteristics Premium
Most microscopic analysis is based on classic studies carried out when single natural (traditional) fuels were the norm. How has the use of alternative fuels affected the micros...
Microscopy & practice Premium
In this article Arthur Harrisson connects microscopy observations with the practical issues on the cement plant and in the market. He also identifies the benefits which are obta...
Making more of hotmeal Premium
References to hotmeal are common in cement plants and the concept is relatively simple – hotmeal is the kiln feed after drying and before clinkering. There is a considerable amo...
Free lime reduction Premium
The occurrence of high free lime can result in poor clinker quality and inefficient burning. Chemical variance in the raw materials and changes to the burning conditions can als...
Flame shape and quality Premium
Arthur Harrisson investigates how burning and temperature in various types of kilns has an effect on the clinker produced and discusses different aspects of the burning process ...