Cooling

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Keeping kilns cool

Keeping kilns cool Premium

Kiln hotspots are one of the causes of mechanical stresses on cement kilns. However, this issue can be addressed with the use of a water- or air-based kiln cooling system. One G...

Crystal inclusions in Portland cement clinker

Crystal inclusions in Portland cement clinker Premium

The nature of inclusions in clinker crystals provides clues about the burning environment and are therefore important indicators of clinker quality. Figure 1: blue belite inclus...

Clinker cooling

Clinker cooling Premium

Descriptions of the formation of cement clinker generally concentrate on those reactions that take place as the kiln feed heats up and passes through the process to the burning ...