NOx in the mass balance

Dr Clark discusses how NOx emissions fit into the mass balance of a cement kiln. How do they arise and how can they be controlled and mitigated?

During 2012 a popular series of workshops were held in conjunction with the Cemtech Dubai, Jakarta and Geneva conferences on the topic of the fundamental mass balance of a cement kiln. The workshops featured extensive discussion of SO2 and heavy metals emissions from cement kilns – in particular, mercury and thallium emissions in terms of heavy metals. Fundamentally, whatever goes into a kiln must come out in either the clinker, the gaseous emissions from the kiln, or must build up within the system.