Europe, which now also includes other parts of the former Soviet Empire, produced a 34.0% increase in turnover to EUR903m, with the EBITDA almost trebling to EUR107m and at the trading level there was a swing from EUR32m loss into a EUR40m profit. Cement and clinker volumes rose by 32.8% to 8.30Mt, which represented a 24.4% increase on a comparable basis. Eastern Europe, Germany, Norway and Kazakhstan showed the strongest improvements, while Russian deliveries were constrained by capacity.
Turnover in North America declined by 10.7% to €493m as cement deliveries fell by 11.2% to 2.99Mt, while the EBITDA was off by 12.5% to EUR77m. Capacity continues to be utilised to the full, while cement imports were reduced in response to the fall in demand. In part, the lower volumes reflected the harsher weather compared with the previous winter. Most of the volume decline came in cement in the north-east and in the south, while volumes held up better on the west coast and in the downstream operations. With the exception of Florida, Arizona and Southern California, pricing remains positive. The timing of price increases vary, with some early in the year while in Texas a US$15 price increase is being introduced around the middle of the year.